Download or read book The OSI Layers and Protocol Stacks written by Eric Coll and published by Teracom Training Institute. This book was released on 2023-02-09 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OSI Layers and Protocol Stacks There are so many functions that must be performed to interoperate systems, a structure is required to organize the functions so that separate issues can be treated separately. We'll explore the most commonly-used structure, the ISO Open Systems Interconnection 7-Layer Reference Model. You'll learn what a layer is, the purpose of each layer, examples of protocols like TCP and IP used to implement layers, and gain a true understanding of how a protocol stack works for applications like web surfing and VoIP. Telecom Module 12 Detailed Outline 12 OSI Layers and Protocol Stacks 12.1 Protocols and Standards ..... 12.1.1 Functions To Be Performed ..... 12.1.2 Monolithic vsStructured Protocols ..... 12.1.3 Open Systems and Standards 12.2 ISO OSI Reference Model ..... 12.2.1 Layers ..... 12.2.2 Separability of the Layers ..... 12.2.3 Protocol Stacks 12.3 The OSI 7-Layer Model 12.4 Physical Layer: 802.3, DSL, DOCSIS, Wireless 12.5 Data Link Layer: 802 MAC ..... 12.5.1 LANs, Frames and Layer 2 Switches ..... 12.5.2 MAC Frames and MAC Addresses ..... 12.5.3 Other Data Link Protocols 12.6 Network Layer: IP and MPLS ..... 12.6.1 Packet-Switched Networks ..... 12.6.2 Routing Table Updates ..... 12.6.3 MPLS 12.7 Transport Layer: TCP and UDP ..... 12.7.1 Reliability ..... 12.7.2 Port Numbers 12.8 Session Layer: POP, SIP, HTTP ..... 12.8.1 Password Authentication ..... 12.8.2 Authentication Servers ..... 12.8.3 Password Caching ..... 12.8.4 Cookies ..... 12.8.5 Client-Server Sessions ..... 12.8.6 Peer-Peer Sessions 12.9 Presentation Layer: ASCII, Encryption, Codecs 12.9.1 Character Coding ..... 12.9.2 E-Mail Coding ..... 12.9.3 Codecs ..... 12.9.4 Data Compression ..... 12.9.5 Symmetric Encryption: Private Key ..... 12.9.6 Asymmetric Encryption: Public Key Encryption and Digital Signatures ..... 12.9.7 Example of Separability of Layers ..... 12.9.8 Example of Peer Protocol 12.10 Application Layer: SMTP, HTML, English … ..... 12.10.1 Email ..... 12.10.2 More Application Layer Examples 12.11 Protocol Stacks ..... 12.11.1 Example: Web Surfing ..... 12.11.2 Voice over IP 12.12 Protocol Stack in Operation: Ukrainian Dolls ..... 12.12.1 Communications Flow ..... 12.12.2 Segmentation at Each Layer ..... 12.12.3 Nested Headers 12.13 Standards Organizations ..... 12.13.1 ISO ..... 12.13.2 DOD and IETF ..... 12.13.3 ITU and Bellcore ..... 12.13.4 TIA and IEEE ..... 12.13.5 3GPP ..... 12.13.6 ANSI